Yoyoyified history

Cebu has historians like Drs. Resil Mojares and Jobers Bersales as well as institutions like the Cebuano Studies Center and yet for the historic commemoration of the arrival of the Armada de Maluko, its news outlets turned to the eminent musician Yoyoy Villame. No, not just to reference his song, but for actual historical facts. Oh mother, mother I am sick.

One repeated the line that the Philippines was discovered by Magellan (imagine that!!! a local historian messaged me) while the other used his song to rewrite the actual timeline of the Spaniards in the Philippines. On the 500th year of their arrival in Suluan, the news outlet fast-forwarded to Limasawa (the Spaniards wouldn’t get there until March 28) because Yoyoy sang that they “landed in Limasawa at noon.” Oh mother, mother I am sick.

One outlet edited that mistake, the other decided to keep and continue the disinformation. It is disheartening to read the comments as some who tried to correct the disinformation were being asked “can you proved?”

MAGELLAN. Yoyoy’s ditty is apparently considered a historical narration by some journalists.

That news outlet did not take any effort at all to correct that disinformation. It tells you about the attitude by some journalists toward truth, accuracy, and correcting errors no?

Like any Bisdak, I love Yoyoy’s “Magellan.” But it’s a song and it’s meant for fun. It does not claim to nor should it be treated as a historical narration of what happened. It also has, it turned out, an insidious influence especially on perpetuating that discovery narrative. So insidious it even influenced journalists today – a time when access to information is trivial.

It certainly made me reconsider my attitude toward that EZ Mil song where he said Lapulapu was beheaded in Mactan. I’ve always felt that we should just let it be, it’s just a song and people know that Lapulapu wasn’t actually beheaded. But judging from the impact of Yoyoy’s ditty, who’s to say people in the future (including journalists who would then use it as basis for reports) wouldn’t think that Lapulapu was actually beheaded.

The 500th year of the arrival of Spaniards provides a historic opportunity for local media to shine a light on our history and rethink narratives.

The National Quincentennial Committee produced this video of Yoyoy’s song with annotations by historian Xiao Chua.

Until now, for example, there are still people who say that Magellan was here to “Christianize them everyone.” Magellan and the Armada de Molucca were looking for the Spice Islands not to evangelize or even conquer. When they fought Lapulapu and the Opon warriors, Magellan had a motley crew because the hardened warriors stayed away, Dr. Mojares said in a talk ignored by local media last year. These soldiers could not understand what they were still doing in Cebu when they should already be on their way to the Spice Islands.

There’s also the controversy on the “first recorded Easter mass.” For centuries, we’ve always thought it happened in Butuan. Conquistas de las Islas Filipinas 1565-1615 by Gaspar de San Agustin, for example, said the mass was held in Butuan. It was because of this early tradition that a monument to the “immortal Magellan” was built in Butuan.

It was changed to Limasawa in the 20th Century. During the 400th year commemoration of the Spaniards’ arrival, Limasawa was mentioned as site of the first mass. But proponents for Butuan never gave up and pressed their claim. The government has convened three panels these past decades to study the claim. All three panels ruled in favor of Limasawa. The last to do so was only last year, the Mojares panel.

You’d think the issue is settled, no? I did think it was and shelved an article I was planning to write. But no, some in the Butuan camp are still pressing that claim.

There’s also this: reference to this event is hyper-specific “the first recorded Easter mass” and not just the first mass, for a reason. The Spaniards held masses every day and likely held one when they reached Suluan or during the week they were in Homonhon. Pigafetta, an Eastern Visayas prelate told me, was a selective chronicler and likely did not mention about these earlier masses because these were commonplace, like having dinner or lunch. The Easter Mass, on the other hand, was chronicle-worthy because of the occasion and the presence of two local chieftains.

Our consolation despite this turn of events is that institutions like the National Quincentennial Committee, Cebuano Studies Center, Ramon Aboitiz Foundation Inc., and even brand like The Palm Grass Hotel are holding online events to talk about these important historical and cultural events. These events, except for those who paid for ad placements, are largely ignored by local media. If stories do come out, these are either press releases for upcoming talks or advertorials. The good thing, however, is that all these are online and can be replayed or watched at a later time if you miss them.

The celebrations in Cebu are still weeks away. Let’s cross our fingers we’ll read and see better-sourced and written posts by our favorite local news outlets.

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Disaster response program brings online education to island barangay in Cebu

(This story first came out on Rappler.)

To watch a YouTube video for an online lesson in Gilutungan Island, you have to be at the side facing Cordova town. Using mobile data, the phone connects to a server in Cebu City, hopping on to a network facility in Manila, then off to a data center across the ocean in the United States – a roundtrip that spans the globe but should take place in a blink of an eye in ideal conditions.

But conditions in Gilutungan are far from ideal. The island is 6.5 kilometers across the Gilutungan Channel from Cordova and even on good days, mobile data signal is just a couple of bars on parts of the island. A generator that consumes 15 liters of diesel an hour powers households in the entire 12.5-hectare island.

Members of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) in Cebu, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR) in Japan, and other partners throughout the world hold an orientation and training on the use of LACS or Locally Accessible Cloud System for online learning. The training was held in the Cordova Municipal Museum last February 18.
Members of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) in Cebu, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR) in Japan, and other partners throughout the world hold an orientation and training on the use of LACS or Locally Accessible Cloud System for online learning. The training was held in the Cordova Municipal Museum last February 18.
Members of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) in Cebu, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR) in Japan, and other partners throughout the world hold an orientation and training on the use of LACS or Locally Accessible Cloud System for online learning. The training was held in the Cordova Municipal Museum last February 18.

Students have never tried online learning because of problems in connectivity, said Gilutongan Integrated School principal Alena Baguio. Apart from that, there’s also the problem on devices. Baguio said families on the island rely on fishing for livelihood and don’t make much. They’re even worse off now with the collapse of tourism, she said.

A reengineering of a disaster response project will finally bring online learning to the barangay’s 537 students. Instead of the global hop of connections to retrieve data from the internet, students connect for free to WiFi hotspots on the island that have a compact web server smaller than a preschooler’s lunch box containing all the data needed for their online learning.

Jeff Llanto of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) points to Gilutungan Island while on top of a water tank in the Cordova municipal hall. Attached to the railing beside him is a microwave dish that links the island to the town to synchronize data on a learning management system that runs independently in the remote barangay. That point-to-point connection also allows them to bridge the barangay to the high-speed internet they have in the town,
Jeff Llanto of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) points to Gilutungan Island while on top of a water tank in the Cordova municipal hall. Attached to the railing beside him is a microwave dish that links the island to the town to synchronize data on a learning management system that runs independently in the remote barangay. That point-to-point connection also allows them to bridge the barangay to the high-speed internet they have in the town,

That server synchronizes with another one across the water, in a room at the Cordova Municipal Hall. That point-to-point connection is linked by microwave dishes on the island and on top of a water tank in the Cordova Municipal Hall. That network system will also serve students in mainland Cordova.

The project is called LACS for Locally Accessible Cloud System. The program is a disaster response tool meant to quickly set up a local umbrella of connectivity during disasters, when networks are often down. It has its roots in the MDRU or Movable and Deployable ICT Resource Unit, a project that was started after the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan left many communities without internet service. It was conceptualized by Dr. Toshikazu Sakano in NTT or Nippon Telegraph and Telephone. They developed prototype systems with the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan.

Jeff Llanto of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) holds the mini server that is deployed with the LACS unit. The web server runs the learning platform Moodle and since it is hosted in the network, students and teachers will only need to connect to the WiFi hotspot to be able to access and use it.
Jeff Llanto of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) holds the mini server that is deployed with the LACS unit. The web server runs the learning platform Moodle and since it is hosted in the network, students and teachers will only need to connect to the WiFi hotspot to be able to access and use it.

Sakano is the director of the Business Development Office and Wave Engineering Labs of the Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR). He worked with the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) and pioneered the system in San Remigio, an area in northern Cebu that lies on a common pathway of typhoons.

LACS enables responders to quickly set up a local network in a disaster area where communications have been disrupted. That local network will allow people to view announcements and other information as well as exchange messages with others nearby, even if the area has been cut off from the internet.

They started looking into the use of the system for education in areas such as Cordova where connectivity, especially in nearby islands, is a challenge. That experiment started in 2019 but gained urgency and a new purpose with the pandemic, said CVISNet executive director Jeff Llanto.

Members of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) head to Gilutungan Island for the setup of LACS to power online education in the barangay.
Members of the Central Visayas Information Sharing Network Foundation, Inc. (CVISNet) head to Gilutungan Island for the setup of LACS to power online education in the barangay.

They installed Moodle, a popular open source learning platform, into the LACS mini servers. This allows teachers and students to hold online classes and do coursework just by connecting to the LACS WiFi network. And since the data is just hosted by the WiFi hotspots they are connecting to, problems on internet connectivity is sidestepped.

Llanto said the network node in Cordova is connected to a high-speed internet service provider, allowing the LACS network for the town to connect to the global network and synchronize data. It also allows them to bridge the island and bring internet connectivity to its users.

Last February 18, the partners held a training for stakeholders on how to use the system for online education. An approaching storm, however, cut short the session. CVISNet will be returning to the island when the storm blows over this week to resume training and setup. The project is on its Step 3, which includes looking into the use of the LACS system not only in online education but also in health and e-governance.

Francisco Rivas, a member of the board of CVISNet, looks out to Gilutungan Island as the boat carrying equipment and members of the team prepares to dock.
Francisco Rivas, a member of the board of CVISNet, looks out to Gilutungan Island as the boat carrying equipment and members of the team prepares to dock.

Baguio looks forward to using the system, saying it would ease the work they do in teaching using modules. They print a large volume of lessons because each student has to have his or her own copy. To minimize physical contact, they distribute the current week’s modules and collect the previous one on the same day, Monday. But, she said, teaching is different without face-to-face interaction. She said an online system would improve what they currently have in the island. But having no experience in it, she said teachers and students would just have to learn.

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How to download ultra high-res images of works from Google Arts and Culture

I wanted a framed print of The Lady with an Ermine when we were redesigning our workspace during lockdown. Important works such as this painting by Leonardo da Vinci usually have high-resolution images online. The typical sources are Wikimedia Commons and Google Arts and Culture.

The Lady with an Ermine has a high resolution copy on Wikimedia but the highest version only has a dimension of 2,048 pixels × 2,754 pixels. That is good enough for print but I wanted an even higher resolution.

NO DOWNLOAD OPTION. The zoomable image of The Lady with an Ermine on the Google Arts and Culture website. You can zoom into such high details on the site but there are no options on the page to directly download the image.
NO DOWNLOAD OPTION. The zoomable image of The Lady with an Ermine on the Google Arts and Culture website. You can zoom into such high details on the site but there are no options on the page to directly download the image.

There’s one in Google Arts and Culture – a zoomable version with ultra-high resolution that will allow you to focus on minor details of the work. The only problem is you can’t directly download images from the site. There are some works that you can download, such as those made publicly available by The Metropolitan Museum of Art, but most images you can’t.

To be able to download images from Google Arts and Culture, you can run a script such as Dezoomify. It has a web version and even a browser extension but I prefer the script. What Dezoomify does is download the maximum resolution of an image by getting it by tiles, which are the portions shown when zooming, and then reassembling it to its full quality.

If you download the script, all you need to do is run it, paste the address of the Google Arts and Culture image you want to download, choose the image resolution, and it takes care of the entire process. With The Lady with an Ermine, for example, the script took 5,002 tiles to download a 30,894 pixels x 41,545 pixels JPEG image with a total file size of 114 mb.

DOWNLOAD WITH SCRIPT. If you run the Dezoomify program, it will ask you to paste the URL of the file you want to download, pick a resolution, and then it does all the rest.
DOWNLOAD WITH SCRIPT. If you run the Dezoomify program, it will ask you to paste the URL of the file you want to download, pick a resolution, and then it does all the rest.

According to its project page, Dezoomify also works with other online resources such as the National Gallery of Art, Harvard Library, The British Library, among others. But I’ve only been able to try it with Google Arts and Culture and its vast collection.

ULTRA-HIGH RESOLUTION. The script was able to download a version of The Lady with an Ermine with a resolution of 30,894 pixels x 41,545 pixels - a JPEG file with a total file size of 114 mb.
ULTRA-HIGH RESOLUTION. The script was able to download a version of The Lady with an Ermine with a resolution of 30,894 pixels x 41,545 pixels – a JPEG file with a total file size of 114 mb.

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Where? For heaven’s sake tell me where!

I cannot now recall the incident — whether it was a fire or debris falling from a building — only the deep frustration. “Asa na uy!” I was driving and apart from general curiosity, I also wanted to know where it was happening in order to decide which streets to take.

“Usa ka mall sa north reclamation area.” That usually means SM City Cebu in news stories. If the report mentions Mandaue, that usually means Park Mall. Robinsons Galleria, I think, is euphemistically referred to as “duol sa port area.”

That day, the reporter covering via live broadcast said it was in Cebu City and “duol sa usa ka mall sa North Reclamation Area.” (Near a mall in the North Reclamation Area.) SM City Cebu, I hazarded a guess.

It would have been simpler and more helpful to listeners for the reporter to say it outright: a condo tower being built across SM City Cebu.

But here we are, reduced to decoding radio-speak. Often I’d just check on Facebook and quickly find that bit of information. That time, however, I couldn’t check on my phone because I was driving.

News, as often stated in classrooms and training centers, are written with 5 Ws and 1 H. But depending on the people and brands involved, some of these Ws will be dropped. Keep this in mind the next time you read about an incident involving influential people and known brands.

Reporters usually avoid naming business establishments in news accounts – especially when the story is still breaking – for three reasons. One is the mistaken belief that mentioning the business has “commercial value” and is covered by the prohibition on unpaid promotions. This is prevalent in broadcast media. Second is that the business or its officers will get offended and would pull out advertisements. The third is that new reporters see and hear their older colleagues do it and just follow the practice.

Not included in the equation is the frustration of listeners and readers like me. The audience is typically considered last by these media establishments, hence the trouble they are in right now.

I cannot understand the refusal to render a complete news report because of “commercial value” in the mention of the establishments. Does Manila corporate HQ (usually the origin of the memo) think I would be encouraged to visit SM City Cebu because debris fell from the construction site across it? Or that I would suddenly decide to visit Park Mall because a motorcycle got involved in a road accident with a speeding truck near it? Weird.

As to the threat of an ad pullot, media organizations have been eunuchated by sharply declining revenues and would readily accede to requests by advertisers. In fact, from what I hear, marketing now has the loudest voice in some newsrooms. I once attended an event organized by a former colleague. When I asked her who was covering it, she mentioned the publications and blogs and said that one reporter was already on his way but had to abruptly cancel. Marketing stopped him from covering because the brand refused to place an ad. Imagine that.

Before the internet upended the media industry, newsrooms could afford to stand their ground on their reporting. A friend of mine once handled a story about the impending closure of a skating rink in a mall. It angered management and resulted in an ad pullout. Our paper’s management stood by my friend’s handling of the story and the reporter’s account (based on sources in the skating community who were informed ahead of the impending closure). The article was ultimately proven accurate. The mall eventually resumed advertising because back then, brands needed newspapers. I somehow doubt he would receive the same backing had it happened today. I suspect he would have been compelled to apologize.

This is sad. As a former newspaperman, I’ve always believed that the only way for media organizations to survive is to double down on journalism, not do less. Do you still read papers and news sites? I do and every day. You see less reporting now because newsrooms have been gutted. Enterprise reporting is gone. Stories are often prompted by news sources: there is a news article because somebody called a press conference.

The disintermediation brought about by social networks like Facebook helps news junkies like me. Organizations and public figures often livestream announcements and allow us to hear from them directly. And then you read the report that comes out. At times the reporter gets it right, at times horribly wrong.

Just a quick blog post while having coffee in this global coffee brand in a mall in midtown Cebu City.

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Running a photo contest? Do a reverse image search!

The grand prize winner of Globe’s Picture Perfect 2.0 has been accused of submitting an image from a stock photo site for his winning entry.

Charles Chamberlaine Igot won the grand prize for his entry “Sunset Catcher.” Igot, who has since deactivated his Facebook account, posted photos on March 6, 2020 when he got his prize: P50,000 and a trophy.

It turned out that the winning photo was actually taken by Vietnamese photographer Quang Nguyen Vinh. According to the image information, it was of fishermen in Phu Yen province in Vietnam. The photograph, which was taken in 2017, is available for free download and use in various stock photo sites such as Pexel.

Globe Picture Perfect 2.0
Charles Chamberlaine Igot’s winning entry as featured in the Globe website for the contest.
The photo download page on Pexels.

It’s an embarrassing turn of events. Organizers of the contest, however, could have avoided it by performing a simple reverse image search. For the unfamiliar, a reverse image search is when you upload a photo and a search engine like Google then scours the web to check if it has been used elsewhere and on which sites.

When you do a reverse image search using the grand prize photo featured in Globe’s website, you’d see that it has been used as stock photo in many websites, including Philippine sites. To do a reverse image search, you just download the photo in question and upload it to Google (click on image search). On Chrome it’s much simpler: you just right click on the photo and choose “Search Google for image” in the menu.

USED IN MANY SITES. A reverse image search shows that the winning photo was in fact used in many websites, indicating a high likelihood of being a stock image.
USED IN MANY SITES. A reverse image search shows that the winning photo was in fact used in many websites, indicating a high likelihood of being a stock image.

Igot was recently in the spotlight when his prenup photos of a couple in a muddy paddy went viral after being shared by several social media accounts of news organizations. Here, here, and here. (It seems pre-nup photos are a reporting beat now in newsrooms.)

NO THANKS. Generous photographers like Quang Nguyen Vinh allow people to use their beautiful images for free and often without a photo credit or backlink.
NO THANKS. Generous photographers like Quang Nguyen Vinh allow people to use their beautiful images for free and often without a photo credit or backlink.

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